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KF5JRV > TODAY 15.01.90 10:15l 19 Lines 2256 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 18705_KF5JRV
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Subj: Today in History - Jan 15
Path: IZ3LSV<IK6IHL<IK7NXU<HB9ON<DK0WUE<PD0LPM<VE3CGR<WW4BSA<N3HYM<NS2B<
KF5JRV
Sent: 260115/0903Z 18705@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA BPQ6.0.24
Two months after the death of her half-sister, Queen Mary I of England, Elizabeth Tudor, the 25-year-old daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, is crowned Queen Elizabeth I at Westminster Abbey in London.
The two half-sisters, both daughters of Henry VIII, had a stormy relationship during Maryâ€Ös five-year reign. Mary, who was brought up as a Catholic, enacted pro-Catholic legislation and made efforts to restore papal supremacy in England. A Protestant rebellion ensued, and Queen Mary imprisoned Elizabeth, a Protestant, in the Tower of London on suspicion of complicity. After Maryâ€Ös death, Elizabeth survived several Catholic plots against her; although her ascension was greeted with approval by most of Englandâ€Ös lords, who were largely Protestant and hoped for greater religious tolerance under a Protestant queen. Under the early guidance of Secretary of State Sir William Cecil, Elizabeth repealed Maryâ€Ös pro-Catholic legislation, established a permanent Protestant Church of England, and encouraged the Calvinist reformers in Scotland.
In foreign affairs, Elizabeth practiced a policy of strengthening Englandâ€Ös Protestant allies and dividing her foes. Elizabeth was opposed by the pope, who refused to recognize her legitimacy, and by Spain, a Catholic nation that was at the height of its power. In 1588, English-Spanish rivalry led to an abortive Spanish invasion of England in which the Spanish Armada, the greatest naval force in the world at the time, was destroyed by storms and a persistent English navy.
With increasing English domination at sea, Elizabeth encouraged voyages of discovery, such as Sir Francis Drakeâ€Ös circumnavigation of the world and Sir Walter Raleighâ€Ös expeditions to the North American coast.
The long reign of Elizabeth, who became known as the “Virgin Queen” for her reluctance to endanger her authority through marriage, coincided with the flowering of the English Renaissance, associated with such renowned authors as William Shakespeare. By her death in 1603, England had become a major world power in every respect, and Queen Elizabeth I passed into history as one of Englandâ€Ös greatest monarchs.
73 de Scott KF5JRV
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