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G8MNY > TECH 17.03.08 09:30l 105 Lines 4315 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 50372_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST
Subj: Wheel Nuts
Path: IZ3LSV<IW2OHX<IR2UBX<IK2XDE<DB0RES<ON0BEL<GB7CIP
Sent: 080317/0000Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU #:50372 [Caterham] $:50372_GB7CIP
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (New Dec 07)
(8 Bit ASCII Graphics use code page 437 or 850)
After seeing the remains of 2 wheels that have come off cars & trailers (non of
them mine) in my time, here are some tips to make sure it does not happen to
you.
LOOSE NUTS
If the nuts get loose the wheel will move on the studs making a noise at slow
speed (not heard if U have diesel or it is on a trailer). This movement will
damage the wheel & in bad cases the studs.
Cracked _.-³ ³
Wheel | |\ \
Bearing| |/ \/Huge hole
Casting| |~~~~ -Cone for nut worn away
³Á==Á____.====¿
³ Stud thread ³
³Â==Â~~~~\====Ù
| |___ Mangled stud thread
| |\ /
| |/ /
|-_|³ ³
If left unspotted, eventually the wheel nuts fall off & also the wheel. Then
the real damage starts. e.g. bearing casting cracked, wheel break drum or disk
smashed, suspension & or steering gear damaged, let alone you still being on
the road!
CONICAL NUTS (Lug Nuts)
Unlike other nuts wheel nuts are conically shaped, this is to stop any movement
of the wheel, as the self centring cones & gripping force take the load, not
the wheel holes on the studs.
___ _____
/³___³ /³___³\ Double
Wheel ³ ³ ³ Spanner ³ ³ ³ ³ Coned
Side ³ ÃÄÄÄ´ Side ³ ÃÄÄÄ´ ³ Wheel
\³___³ \³___³/ Nut
Cone'
NEVER put the nuts on facing the wrong way!
Keep removed nuts fee of grit, buy not leaving them omne the ground.
WHEEL HOLES | |³ ³Shaped
These are specially shaped Wheel | |\ \Wheel
steel stamping or castings Bearing| |/ /Metal
that have the matching load casting| |³/-Cone for nut
carrying cone. ³Á==Á=========¿
³ Stud thread ³
The actual threaded stud ³Â==Â=========Ù
hole is bigger than the | |³\-Cone for nut
stud for ease of putting | |\ \
on the heavy wheel. | |/ /
| |³ ³
GREASE & TIGHTENING
Some makers suggest you do not grease the nuts. But any experienced mechanic
will tell you otherwise. Grease will not loosen a tightened nut! But it will
stop corrosion seizing the nut on, & it will ensure that the tightening force
applied ends up forcing the wheel centring cone & nut together (gripping force)
& not to a jammed up thread.
Never have a load on the wheel when tightening, e.g. use a jack, as the loaded
wheel may give the false impression it is tight.
Garages use air gun hammer spanners, they always seem to over tighten nuts, so
if you ever want to undo an over-tightened nut, you had better grease them!
Typical tightening forces are 8-12 m-kg (60-90ft-lb).
UNDOING NUTS
Make sure you know the thread & rotation direction, as some makes use LH & RH
wheel nuts different on each side!
Ext Tube
_..._// _..._ / With the jack applied
/~ //\ /~ ~\/ until only a small load
³ // ³ ³ _ /³ is on the tire to stop
Þ o /o Ý Þ o /o/ Ý rotation use a crank
³ _(/) ³ ³ ( )~ ³ leaver socket (supplied)
Þ /o/ o Ý Þ o o Ý with an extension tube
³ ~ ³ ³ ³ over it & apply force
\_ _/ \_ _/ crossing over the wheel
~---~ ~---~ centre.
RIGHT WRONG
This gives less rotation force to the wheel than apply it on an outer nut,
making it safer on the jack etc. Applying a thump or soft hammer blow may help
but spanner flying off can be dangerous! A wheel brace cross spider can give a
much more controlled way of applying the force but they are large.
If the nut is well seized on, first try a penetrating oil (brake
contamination!) then try heat, either boiling water or gas torch (Hot safety!
Fire Safety!)
Once all the nuts are loose, jack up to more to fee the wheel & give alignment
room when reseating the wheel.
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 De John, G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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