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G8MNY > TECH 01.01.08 09:41l 190 Lines 8459 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 41240_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST
Subj: Making ASCII diagrams
Path: IZ3LSV<IW2OAZ<SR1BSZ<ON4HU<F1HPZ<F4BWT<ED1ZAC<GB7CIP
Sent: 080101/0132Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU #:41240 [Caterham] $:41240_GB7CIP
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (Updated Dec 07)
Most of the TECH buls use the full 8 bit graphics character set. To make your
own diagrams here are some tips.
TEXT EDITORS
The 102 key keyboard only does about 33% of the 256 characters possable. To get
the full set (about 220 usable on packet) you normally hold down the ALT key &
enter the 3 digit ALT number into the number keypad, this works in most text
(a non documented feature?) editors. (MS OS, Other OS platforms are different!)
Also don't use justify or variable spacing in the editor / viewer! See my "Y
Extended ASCII Graphics" bul for more compatibility information. The 8 bit
extended character sets where originaly defined by Code Page Nos for all
software applications to use on that machine, & Code Pages 437 or 850 give the
most compatable extended graphics set across all platforms NOT just a specific
MS Windows application!
Try these for yourself.
Ú¿
[] = ÀÙ, | = ³, - = Ä, Ts = Â ´Ã Á, + = Å Ohm = ê, Degree = ø, +/- = ñ
ALT 218 191 179 196 194 180 195 193 197 234 248 241
KEY 192 217 (not all Code/Pages)
In a good editor you will find a list of all the characters in the help screen.
Print these out if you can. Some editors also have block cut & past (not just
in paragraphs) & this is a very useful feature for moving & copying.
Useful char: 171 «, 172 ¬, 227 ã, 230 æ, 235 ë, 236 ì, 241ð, 242 ò, 243 ó,
246 ö, 247 ÷, 251 û, (Alt 253 "superscript 2" fails on Paket software [a Bug])
GRAPHICS & CHARACTERS
Here are some Characters & 8th bit Graphics mixed & how they look together.
ALT
045 - (Hyphen) Do not join up --³-³
095 _ (Underline) Only partly joins ___³_ (can't use space above!)
196 Ä (Graphic) Joins up OK ÄÄ´ (OK to underside of underline)
124 | (Bar) Do not join up | (some Fonts have broken bar)
186 º (Graphic) Joins up own set ĺÄ
061 = (Equals) Do not join up == ³=Ä
96`95_046.044,045-039' Rising graphic ~Ä-,__.-Ä~ (detailed Graphs, Circles)
176° 177± 178² 219Û Shading °°±±²²ÛÛ (Some displays are inverted)
220Ü 221Ý 222 Þ 223 ß Half Blocks Ü ÝÞß (Doing bold lettering etc.)
How viewable the results are of mixing them, will depend on your font & to some
extent the video card & mode it is set to as well. Try not to mix Alt 196 Ä & -
the hyphen as they may look the same, but are not on many displays.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
WIRES ³ ÄÄÂÄÄ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³
ÄÄÁÄÄ ³ ÄÄ´ ÃÄÄ ÄÄÅÄÄ ÄÄ)ÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄijÄÄÄ
J o i n t s ³ ³ ³(avoid) ³ Cross over ³ ³(avoid)
TERMINALS
ÄÂÄÄ tag ÄÄÄo+5V ÄÄÄO ÄÄÄ* ÄÄÄÄ> >ÄÄÄ o)ÄÄÄ @ÄÄ
øTP ÄÄùÄÄ ³ coax ³
GROUND/EARTH small _³_ _³_ ³ _³_ ÄÄ 0V
/CHASSIS/0v Á //// ±±± \_/ 0V
SWITCHES Äo Ä¿ ³ ÚÄ
___ ÄÄo \oÄ Äo o o o FUSE
ÄÄo oÄÄ Toggle Äo<ÄÄ /³\ ÄÄo--oÄÄ
Push Äo ³
DIODES Ä´>ÃÄ _³_ _³_ LED_³_ ZENER_³_ _³_ ÚÄÁÄ VARICAP_³_ ³
\_/ /_\ \_/ðGN /_\' _\_/, /_\ \_/ ===
Ä´<ÃÄ ³D1 ³D2 ³ ON Z1³ ³ ³ === /_\
³ ³
SCR _³_ _³_ TRIAC __³__a'' ³>³ DIACS __³__ ³<³
ÄÄ\_/ or \_/ ÄÄ /\ \/ Ä´ ÃÄÄ /\ \/ ÄÄ´ ÃÄÄ
³ ___/³ g ÄÄÂÄÄ ³<³\ ÄÄÂÄÄ ³>³
³a' ³
TRANSISTORS __³__ Ä¿e ÚÄ ³ TR1³/ \³ ÃÄ Dual __|ÃÄ
/ \e _\_/_ Ä´< ÄÄ´ NPN ÃÄÄ ÄÄ´ FET IGFET ³
³ ³ ³ ³e ³\e e/³BC108 Ã>Ä ÄÄÙÃ>Ä
³ ³
_
CAPACITORS +³ ³ Too ³/| C2
Ä´ÃÄ === 1uF ÄÁÄ large === 100p
10n ³ ÄÂÄ not so /³ Variable
³ good
INDUCTORS ³ L ___ ___ Slid \³/ Preset
_(((()_ º(___ )º( 300V ())))) Ä¿ \
ÄÄððÄÄÄ ===== Iron º( Tapped 220V )º(___ ÄÄÙ ÀÄÄ )|/`\
Ferrite Ferrite º( N ___)º ___ )|
Bead ÄÄÁÄÄ E ____º(___6V /)|
ÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄ
RESISTORS ³ or if ÚÁ¿ ______
³ Ä>POT 10ê you ³ ³390R Ä´______ÃÄ
ÄÄ10kÄÄ 220R 10k __/\/\/\_ must ³ ³1/4W 47ê 10W
³ ³ 20W use ÀÂÙ
boxes
RELAYS ³
ÚÄÄÄÁÄÄÄ¿300ê NCÄ¿ ==== /
³ ALARM ³ ___\__ ())) ³MK
ÀÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÙ NO C ³ ³ ³
__ __ __ __
OP AMPS ÄÄ´\³+ ÄÄ´\ GATES Ä´ \ Ä´ _ \ Ä´ \ Ä´ __\
ñ³A >ÄÄ ñ³B >ÄÄ ³ & )Ä ³ & )O- ) OR >Ä ) OR >OÄ
ÄÄ´/³- ÄÄ´/ Ä´__ / Ä´__ / Ä´__ / Ä´__ /
+³8
ICs 4ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄ¿
ÄÄ´Reset ³3 +12V ____ +5V
6³ LM 555 O/PÃÄ ÄÄÄ´7805ÃÄ
ÄÄ´Discharge ³ ~~³~
ÄÄ´Trigger CV ³
2ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÙ
-³1 ³5
VALVES __³__ __³__ Ú-|_
/ ÄÁÄ \ / ÄÁÄ \ ³ ~Ä-._______________
³ ³ ÄÅ - - - ³ ³ CRT [] ÄÁÄ |ÄÄÄ|Ú_\
\ /~\ / ³ /~~~\ ³ ³ [] ÄÂÄ |ÄÄÄ|À~/
~³~³~ \³_/\_/ ³ _.-Ä'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
³ ³³ ÀÄ~
Often there is not enough detail for precise component graphic symbols, but to
a good engineer these graphics are good enough. (clearer than bought Photo-
copied Diagram/CD/internet download!)
As with any text composing this may take a while, so do save it as an ASCII
(.ASC or .TXT) file often (possibly as a .BAK file as well!).
Try to make the diagram size less than 79 characters wide by 23 lines high, as
this fits most viewers, with room for their control bars etc. & should stop
auto wrapping of your carefully spaced diagram when sent over packet.
DO NOT use TABS as they have different meanings on different viewers.
(e.g. tab = 8-10 spaces, OR goto next TAB bar if set up)
The diagram size restriction may mean splitting the diagram up into functional
blocks, giving you the option to describe each part as you go. Not normally
possible with other drawing systems!
Once you have finished drawing your diagram, tidy it up for packet by going
down the right hand side & remove all the added spaces at the end of lines as
these are not needed.
If you are describing a large circuit, then use component Numbers, not values &
make a component value table....
No R C L T IC
1 100R 10u 88mH BC109 LM741
2 18k 15p 10uH BFX20 NE555
3 2R 22n 1mH
4 220k 3n3
5 100k
6 1M
If it is for a BBS bulletin, I use .BUL as a file name extension & also add
standard headers & tails etc.
OTHER TIPS
Get the units/abbreviations right. e.g. Volts are V not v, Metres = m
Frequency is in Hz kHz & MHz, not hz, KHz or mHz mhz as m=milli etc.
K = øKelvin, not k kilo. So a 12 kilo ê = 12k not a very cold 12K.
Decibels are dB not db.
The result should be a VERY compact ASCII file ideal for Packet & easy for your
SYSOP to check & vet it before releasing the bul. And it will be quick & easy
to read on many system/platforms & in any language....
Date/Time : 12-Oct 22:36 2004
Title : hello
From: LW5DIX@LW6EVE.#1661.BA.ARG.SA
To : G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
name javier qra lw5dix
qth argentina
tex is spinif
amigo muy buena los informes de tecnica
me gustaria si tiene web ok
saludos
73 y dx
(it's just the text that's not international!)
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 de John G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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