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N0KFQ > TODAY 12.04.14 16:00l 54 Lines 2354 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
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Subj: Today in History - Apr 12
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Apr 12, 1633:
Galileo is convicted of heresy
On this day in 1633, chief inquisitor Father Vincenzo Maculano da
Firenzuola, appointed by Pope Urban VIII, begins the inquisition
of physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei. Galileo was ordered
to turn himself in to the Holy Office to begin trial for holding
the belief that the Earth revolves around the Sun, which was
deemed heretical by the Catholic Church. Standard practice
demanded that the accused be imprisoned and secluded during the
trial.
This was the second time that Galileo was in the hot seat for
refusing to accept Church orthodoxy that the Earth was the
immovable center of the universe: In 1616, he had been forbidden
from holding or defending his beliefs. In the 1633 interrogation,
Galileo denied that he "held" belief in the Copernican view but
continued to write about the issue and evidence as a means of
"discussion" rather than belief. The Church had decided the idea
that the Sun moved around the Earth was an absolute fact of
scripture that could not be disputed, despite the fact that
scientists had known for centuries that the Earth was not the
center of the universe.
This time, Galileo's technical argument didn't win the day. On
June 22, 1633, the Church handed down the following order: "We
pronounce, judge, and declare, that you, the said Galileo... have
rendered yourself vehemently suspected by this Holy Office of
heresy, that is, of having believed and held the doctrine (which
is false and contrary to the Holy and Divine Scriptures) that the
sun is the center of the world, and that it does not move from
east to west, and that the earth does move, and is not the center
of the world."
Along with the order came the following penalty: "We order that
by a public edict the book of Dialogues of Galileo Galilei be
prohibited, and We condemn thee to the prison of this Holy Office
during Our will and pleasure; and as a salutary penance We enjoin
on thee that for the space of three years thou shalt recite once
a week the Seven Penitential Psalms."
Galileo agreed not to teach the heresy anymore and spent the rest
of his life under house arrest. It took more than 300 years for
the Church to admit that Galileo was right and to clear his name
of heresy.
73, K.O. n0kfq
N0KFQ @ N0KFQ.#SWMO.MO.USA.NA
E-mail: kohiggs@gmail.com
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