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KF5JRV > TODAY 12.04.23 08:40l 38 Lines 2635 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
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Subj: Today in History - Apr 12
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On April 12, 1633, chief inquisitor Father Vincenzo Maculani da Firenzuola, appointed by Pope Urban VIII, begins the inquisitio
n of physicist and astronomer Galileo Galilei. Galileo was ordered to turn himself in to the Holy Office to begin trial for hol
ding the belief that the Earth revolves around the sun, which was deemed heretical by the Catholic Church. Standard practice de
manded that the accused be imprisoned and secluded during the trial.
This was the second time that Galileo was in the hot seat for refusing to accept Church orthodoxy that the Earth was the immova
ble center of the universe: In 1616, he had been forbidden from holding or defending his beliefs. In the 1633 interrogation, Ga
lileo denied that he “heldö belief in the Copernican view but continued to write about the issue and evidence as a means of “di
scussionö rather than belief. The Church had decided the idea that the sun moved around the Earth was an absolute fact of scrip
ture that could not be disputed, despite the fact that scientists had known for centuries that the Earth was not the center of
the universe.
This time, Galileo’s technical argument didn’t win the day. On June 22, 1633, the Church handed down the following order: “We p
ronounce, judge, and declare, that you, the said Galileo… have rendered yourself vehemently suspected by this Holy Office of he
resy, that is, of having believed and held the doctrine (which is false and contrary to the Holy and Divine Scriptures) that th
e sun is the center of the world, and that it does not move from east to west, and that the earth does move, and is not the cen
ter of the world.ö
Along with the order came the following penalty: “We order that by a public edict the book of Dialogues of Galileo Galilei be p
rohibited, and We condemn thee to the prison of this Holy Office during Our will and pleasure; and as a salutary penance We enj
oin on thee that for the space of three years thou shalt recite once a week the Seven Penitential Psalms.ö
Galileo agreed not to teach the heresy anymore and spent the rest of his life under house arrest. It took more than 300 years f
or the Church to admit that Galileo was right and to clear his name of heresy.
73 de Scott KF5JRV
Pmail: KF5JRV@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA
Email KF5JRV@gmail.com
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